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Targum Neofiti
Targum Neofiti (or Targum Neophyti) is the largest of the Western Targumim on the Torah, or Palestinian Targumim. It consists of 450 folios covering all books of the Pentateuch, with only a few damaged verses.
More than a mere Aramaic translation of the Hebrew text, Neofiti offers lengthy expansions on the biblical text at several places. It is often more expansive than Targum Onkelos, but less so than Targum Pseudo-Jonathan.
== History ==
In 1587 Andrea de Monte gave Targum Neofiti to Ugo Boncompagni. De Monte had censored it by deleting most references to idolatry while he owned the manuscript. In 1602 Boncampagni gave what was at that time labeled "Item 1" along with a fragmentary targum to the Collegium Ecclesiasticum Adolescentium Neophytorum (or Pia Domus Neophytorum, the document's namesake), who preserved it until 1886, when the Vatican bought it along with other manuscripts when the Collegium closed.
At that time Targum Neofiti was titled incorrectly as a manuscript of Targum Onkelos, and it remained unremarked until 1949, when Professor Jose Maria Millas Vallicrosa and Alejandro Díez Macho noticed that it differed significantly from Targum Onkelos. It was translated and published from 1968-1979 and has since then been considered the most important of the Palestinian Targumim as it is by far the most complete of the Western Targumim and perhaps the earliest as well.
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